Basic Self-Disturbances Related to Reduced Anterior Cingulate Volume in Subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Ilaria Bonoldi; Paul Allen; Stefania Tognin; Matthijs G. Bossong; Matilda Azis; Carly Samson; Lucia R. Valmaggia; Gemma Modinos; Oliver D Howes; James Stone; Philip K. McGuire

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254

Basic Self-Disturbances Related to Reduced Anterior Cingulate Volume in Subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Ilaria Bonoldi, Paul Allen, Stefania Tognin, Matthijs G. Bossong, Matilda Azis, Carly Samson, Lucia R. Valmaggia, Gemma Modinos, Oliver D Howes, James Stone, Philip K. McGuire

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Abstract

Introduction: Alterations of the “pre-reflective” sense of first-person perspective (e.g., of the “basic self”) are characteristic features of schizophrenic spectrum disorders and are significantly present in the prodromal phase of psychosis and in subjects at ultrahigh risk for psychosis (UHR). Studies in healthy controls suggest that neurobiological substrate of the basic self involves cortical midline structures, such as the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices. Neuroimaging studies have identified neuroanatomical cortical midline structure abnormalities in schizophrenic spectrum disorders.Objectives: i) To compare basic self-disturbances levels in UHR subjects and controls and ii) to assess the relationship between basic self-disturbances and alterations in cortical midline structures volume in UHR subjects.Methods: Thirty-one UHR subjects (27 antipsychotic-naïve) and 16 healthy controls were assessed using the 57-item semistructured Examination of Anomalous Self-Experiences (EASE) interview. All subjects were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 T, and gray matter volume was measured in a priori defined regions of interest (ROIs) in the cortical midline structures.Results: EASE scores were much higher in UHR subjects than controls (p < 0.001). The UHR group had smaller anterior cingulate volume than controls (p = 0.037). There were no structural brain imaging alterations between UHR individuals with or without self- disturbances. Within the UHR sample, the subgroup with higher EASE scores had smaller anterior cingulate volumes than UHR subjects with lower EASE scores and controls(p = 0.018). In the total sample, anterior cingulate volume was inversely correlated with the EASE score (R = 0.52, p < 0.016).Conclusions: Basic self-disturbances in UHR subjects appear to be related to reductions in anterior cingulate volume.

© 2019, The Author(s). This is an open-accessarticle distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use,distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author andsource are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Original language	English
Journal	FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
Volume	10
Issue number	254
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254
Publication status	Published - 10 May 2019

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10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254

Basic Self-Disturbances Related to Reduced Anterior Cingulate Volume in Subjects at Ultrahigh Risk for PsychosisFinal published version, 1.18 MBLicence: CC BY

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Bonoldi, I., Allen, P., Tognin, S., Bossong, M. G., Azis, M., Samson, C., Valmaggia, L. R., Modinos, G., Howes, O. D., Stone, J., & McGuire, P. K. (2019). Basic Self-Disturbances Related to Reduced Anterior Cingulate Volume in Subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis. FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY, 10(254). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254

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title = "Basic Self-Disturbances Related to Reduced Anterior Cingulate Volume in Subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis",

abstract = "Introduction: Alterations of the “pre-reflective” sense of first-person perspective (e.g., of the “basic self”) are characteristic features of schizophrenic spectrum disorders and are significantly present in the prodromal phase of psychosis and in subjects at ultrahigh risk for psychosis (UHR). Studies in healthy controls suggest that neurobiological substrate of the basic self involves cortical midline structures, such as the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices. Neuroimaging studies have identified neuroanatomical cortical midline structure abnormalities in schizophrenic spectrum disorders.Objectives: i) To compare basic self-disturbances levels in UHR subjects and controls and ii) to assess the relationship between basic self-disturbances and alterations in cortical midline structures volume in UHR subjects.Methods: Thirty-one UHR subjects (27 antipsychotic-na{\"i}ve) and 16 healthy controls were assessed using the 57-item semistructured Examination of Anomalous Self-Experiences (EASE) interview. All subjects were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 T, and gray matter volume was measured in a priori defined regions of interest (ROIs) in the cortical midline structures.Results: EASE scores were much higher in UHR subjects than controls (p < 0.001). The UHR group had smaller anterior cingulate volume than controls (p = 0.037). There were no structural brain imaging alterations between UHR individuals with or without self- disturbances. Within the UHR sample, the subgroup with higher EASE scores had smaller anterior cingulate volumes than UHR subjects with lower EASE scores and controls(p = 0.018). In the total sample, anterior cingulate volume was inversely correlated with the EASE score (R = 0.52, p < 0.016).Conclusions: Basic self-disturbances in UHR subjects appear to be related to reductions in anterior cingulate volume.{\textcopyright} 2019, The Author(s). This is an open-accessarticle distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use,distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author andsource are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",

author = "Ilaria Bonoldi and Paul Allen and Stefania Tognin and Bossong, {Matthijs G.} and Matilda Azis and Carly Samson and Valmaggia, {Lucia R.} and Gemma Modinos and Howes, {Oliver D} and James Stone and McGuire, {Philip K.}",

year = "2019",

month = may,

day = "10",

doi = "10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY",

issn = "1664-0640",

publisher = "Frontiers Media",

number = "254",

}

Bonoldi, I, Allen, P, Tognin, S, Bossong, MG, Azis, M, Samson, C, Valmaggia, LR, Modinos, G, Howes, OD, Stone, J & McGuire, PK 2019, 'Basic Self-Disturbances Related to Reduced Anterior Cingulate Volume in Subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis', FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY, vol. 10, no. 254. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254

TY - JOUR

T1 - Basic Self-Disturbances Related to Reduced Anterior Cingulate Volume in Subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

AU - Bonoldi, Ilaria

AU - Allen, Paul

AU - Tognin, Stefania

AU - Bossong, Matthijs G.

AU - Azis, Matilda

AU - Samson, Carly

AU - Valmaggia, Lucia R.

AU - Modinos, Gemma

AU - Howes, Oliver D

AU - Stone, James

AU - McGuire, Philip K.

PY - 2019/5/10

Y1 - 2019/5/10

N2 - Introduction: Alterations of the “pre-reflective” sense of first-person perspective (e.g., of the “basic self”) are characteristic features of schizophrenic spectrum disorders and are significantly present in the prodromal phase of psychosis and in subjects at ultrahigh risk for psychosis (UHR). Studies in healthy controls suggest that neurobiological substrate of the basic self involves cortical midline structures, such as the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices. Neuroimaging studies have identified neuroanatomical cortical midline structure abnormalities in schizophrenic spectrum disorders.Objectives: i) To compare basic self-disturbances levels in UHR subjects and controls and ii) to assess the relationship between basic self-disturbances and alterations in cortical midline structures volume in UHR subjects.Methods: Thirty-one UHR subjects (27 antipsychotic-naïve) and 16 healthy controls were assessed using the 57-item semistructured Examination of Anomalous Self-Experiences (EASE) interview. All subjects were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 T, and gray matter volume was measured in a priori defined regions of interest (ROIs) in the cortical midline structures.Results: EASE scores were much higher in UHR subjects than controls (p < 0.001). The UHR group had smaller anterior cingulate volume than controls (p = 0.037). There were no structural brain imaging alterations between UHR individuals with or without self- disturbances. Within the UHR sample, the subgroup with higher EASE scores had smaller anterior cingulate volumes than UHR subjects with lower EASE scores and controls(p = 0.018). In the total sample, anterior cingulate volume was inversely correlated with the EASE score (R = 0.52, p < 0.016).Conclusions: Basic self-disturbances in UHR subjects appear to be related to reductions in anterior cingulate volume.© 2019, The Author(s). This is an open-accessarticle distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use,distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author andsource are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

AB - Introduction: Alterations of the “pre-reflective” sense of first-person perspective (e.g., of the “basic self”) are characteristic features of schizophrenic spectrum disorders and are significantly present in the prodromal phase of psychosis and in subjects at ultrahigh risk for psychosis (UHR). Studies in healthy controls suggest that neurobiological substrate of the basic self involves cortical midline structures, such as the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices. Neuroimaging studies have identified neuroanatomical cortical midline structure abnormalities in schizophrenic spectrum disorders.Objectives: i) To compare basic self-disturbances levels in UHR subjects and controls and ii) to assess the relationship between basic self-disturbances and alterations in cortical midline structures volume in UHR subjects.Methods: Thirty-one UHR subjects (27 antipsychotic-naïve) and 16 healthy controls were assessed using the 57-item semistructured Examination of Anomalous Self-Experiences (EASE) interview. All subjects were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 T, and gray matter volume was measured in a priori defined regions of interest (ROIs) in the cortical midline structures.Results: EASE scores were much higher in UHR subjects than controls (p < 0.001). The UHR group had smaller anterior cingulate volume than controls (p = 0.037). There were no structural brain imaging alterations between UHR individuals with or without self- disturbances. Within the UHR sample, the subgroup with higher EASE scores had smaller anterior cingulate volumes than UHR subjects with lower EASE scores and controls(p = 0.018). In the total sample, anterior cingulate volume was inversely correlated with the EASE score (R = 0.52, p < 0.016).Conclusions: Basic self-disturbances in UHR subjects appear to be related to reductions in anterior cingulate volume.© 2019, The Author(s). This is an open-accessarticle distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use,distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author andsource are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254

DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00254

M3 - Article

SN - 1664-0640

VL - 10

JO - FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY

JF - FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY

IS - 254

ER -