Speech illusions in people at clinical high risk for psychosis linked to clinical outcome

Emiliy Hird; Noriyuki   Ohmuro; Paul Allen; Moseley  Peter; Matthew  Kempton; Gemma Modinos; EUGI  High Risk Study; Philip McGuire

Speech illusions in people at clinical high risk for psychosis linked to clinical outcome

Emiliy Hird, Noriyuki Ohmuro, Paul Allen, Moseley Peter, Matthew Kempton , Gemma Modinos, EUGI High Risk Study, Philip McGuire

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Abstract

Background and hypothesis: Around 20% of people at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis later develop a psychotic disorder, but it is difficult to predict who this will be. We assessed the incidence of hearing speech (termed speech illusions) in noise in CHR participants and examined whether this was associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Study design: At baseline, 344 CHR participants and 67 healthy controls (HC) were presented with a computerised white noise task and asked whether they heard speech, and whether speech was neutral, affective or whether they were uncertain about its valence. After two years, we assessed whether participants transitioned to psychosis, or remitted from the CHR state, and their functioning. Study results: CHR participants had a lower sensitivity on the task. Logistic regression revealed that a bias towards hearing targets in stimuli was associated with remission status (OR=.21, p=.042). Conversely, hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline was associated with reduced likelihood of remission (OR=7.72. p=.007). When we assessed only participants who did not take antipsychotic medication at baseline, the association between hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline and remission likelihood remained (OR=7.61, p=.043) and this variable was additionally associated with a greater likelihood of transition to psychosis (OR=5.34, p=.029). Conclusions: In CHR individuals, a tendency to hear speech in noise, and uncertainty about the affective valence of this speech, is associated with adverse outcomes. This task could be used in a battery of cognitive markers to stratify CHR participants according to subsequent outcomes.

Original language	English
Journal	SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
Early online date	14 Dec 2022
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 14 Dec 2022

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https://academic.oup.com/schizophreniabulletin/advance-article/doi/10.1093/schbul/sbac163/6901995Licence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{f11fe4d103014355bc931d87867ea380,

title = "Speech illusions in people at clinical high risk for psychosis linked to clinical outcome",

abstract = "Background and hypothesis: Around 20% of people at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis later develop a psychotic disorder, but it is difficult to predict who this will be. We assessed the incidence of hearing speech (termed speech illusions) in noise in CHR participants and examined whether this was associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Study design: At baseline, 344 CHR participants and 67 healthy controls (HC) were presented with a computerised white noise task and asked whether they heard speech, and whether speech was neutral, affective or whether they were uncertain about its valence. After two years, we assessed whether participants transitioned to psychosis, or remitted from the CHR state, and their functioning. Study results: CHR participants had a lower sensitivity on the task. Logistic regression revealed that a bias towards hearing targets in stimuli was associated with remission status (OR=.21, p=.042). Conversely, hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline was associated with reduced likelihood of remission (OR=7.72. p=.007). When we assessed only participants who did not take antipsychotic medication at baseline, the association between hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline and remission likelihood remained (OR=7.61, p=.043) and this variable was additionally associated with a greater likelihood of transition to psychosis (OR=5.34, p=.029). Conclusions: In CHR individuals, a tendency to hear speech in noise, and uncertainty about the affective valence of this speech, is associated with adverse outcomes. This task could be used in a battery of cognitive markers to stratify CHR participants according to subsequent outcomes.",

author = "Emiliy Hird and Noriyuki Ohmuro and Paul Allen and Moseley Peter and Matthew Kempton and Gemma Modinos and {High Risk Study}, EUGI and Philip McGuire",

year = "2022",

month = dec,

day = "14",

language = "English",

journal = "SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN",

issn = "0586-7614",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Speech illusions in people at clinical high risk for psychosis linked to clinical outcome

AU - Hird, Emiliy

AU - Ohmuro, Noriyuki

AU - Allen, Paul

AU - Peter, Moseley

AU - Kempton , Matthew

AU - Modinos, Gemma

AU - High Risk Study, EUGI

AU - McGuire, Philip

PY - 2022/12/14

Y1 - 2022/12/14

N2 - Background and hypothesis: Around 20% of people at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis later develop a psychotic disorder, but it is difficult to predict who this will be. We assessed the incidence of hearing speech (termed speech illusions) in noise in CHR participants and examined whether this was associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Study design: At baseline, 344 CHR participants and 67 healthy controls (HC) were presented with a computerised white noise task and asked whether they heard speech, and whether speech was neutral, affective or whether they were uncertain about its valence. After two years, we assessed whether participants transitioned to psychosis, or remitted from the CHR state, and their functioning. Study results: CHR participants had a lower sensitivity on the task. Logistic regression revealed that a bias towards hearing targets in stimuli was associated with remission status (OR=.21, p=.042). Conversely, hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline was associated with reduced likelihood of remission (OR=7.72. p=.007). When we assessed only participants who did not take antipsychotic medication at baseline, the association between hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline and remission likelihood remained (OR=7.61, p=.043) and this variable was additionally associated with a greater likelihood of transition to psychosis (OR=5.34, p=.029). Conclusions: In CHR individuals, a tendency to hear speech in noise, and uncertainty about the affective valence of this speech, is associated with adverse outcomes. This task could be used in a battery of cognitive markers to stratify CHR participants according to subsequent outcomes.

AB - Background and hypothesis: Around 20% of people at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis later develop a psychotic disorder, but it is difficult to predict who this will be. We assessed the incidence of hearing speech (termed speech illusions) in noise in CHR participants and examined whether this was associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Study design: At baseline, 344 CHR participants and 67 healthy controls (HC) were presented with a computerised white noise task and asked whether they heard speech, and whether speech was neutral, affective or whether they were uncertain about its valence. After two years, we assessed whether participants transitioned to psychosis, or remitted from the CHR state, and their functioning. Study results: CHR participants had a lower sensitivity on the task. Logistic regression revealed that a bias towards hearing targets in stimuli was associated with remission status (OR=.21, p=.042). Conversely, hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline was associated with reduced likelihood of remission (OR=7.72. p=.007). When we assessed only participants who did not take antipsychotic medication at baseline, the association between hearing speech illusions with uncertain valence at baseline and remission likelihood remained (OR=7.61, p=.043) and this variable was additionally associated with a greater likelihood of transition to psychosis (OR=5.34, p=.029). Conclusions: In CHR individuals, a tendency to hear speech in noise, and uncertainty about the affective valence of this speech, is associated with adverse outcomes. This task could be used in a battery of cognitive markers to stratify CHR participants according to subsequent outcomes.

M3 - Article

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JO - SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN

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