TY - JOUR
T1 - The use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in cognitive neuroscience
T2 - A new synthesis of methodological issues
AU - Sandrini, Marco
AU - Umiltà, Carlo
AU - Rusconi, Elena
N1 - Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2011/1
Y1 - 2011/1
N2 - Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has become a mainstay of cognitive neuroscience, thus facing new challenges due to its widespread application on behaviorally silent areas. In this review we will summarize the main technical and methodological considerations that are necessary when using TMS in cognitive neuroscience, based on a corpus of studies and technical improvements that has become available in most recent years. Although TMS has been applied only relatively recently on a large scale to the study of higher functions, a range of protocols that elucidate how this technique can be used to investigate a variety of issues is already available, such as single pulse, paired pulse, dual-site, repetitive and theta burst TMS. Finally, we will touch on recent promising approaches that provide powerful new insights about causal interactions among brain regions (i.e., TMS with other neuroimaging techniques) and will enable researchers to enhance the functional resolution of TMS (i.e., state-dependent TMS). We will end by briefly summarizing and discussing the implications of the newest safety guidelines.
AB - Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has become a mainstay of cognitive neuroscience, thus facing new challenges due to its widespread application on behaviorally silent areas. In this review we will summarize the main technical and methodological considerations that are necessary when using TMS in cognitive neuroscience, based on a corpus of studies and technical improvements that has become available in most recent years. Although TMS has been applied only relatively recently on a large scale to the study of higher functions, a range of protocols that elucidate how this technique can be used to investigate a variety of issues is already available, such as single pulse, paired pulse, dual-site, repetitive and theta burst TMS. Finally, we will touch on recent promising approaches that provide powerful new insights about causal interactions among brain regions (i.e., TMS with other neuroimaging techniques) and will enable researchers to enhance the functional resolution of TMS (i.e., state-dependent TMS). We will end by briefly summarizing and discussing the implications of the newest safety guidelines.
KW - Biophysics
KW - Brain
KW - Brain Mapping
KW - Cognition
KW - Diagnostic Imaging
KW - Humans
KW - Neurosciences
KW - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
U2 - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.005
DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 20599555
SN - 0149-7634
VL - 35
SP - 516
EP - 536
JO - Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
JF - Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
IS - 3
ER -